Whilst a judge in a trial for conspiracy to cheat the Revenue had wrongly excluded evidence of a co-accused's bad character, which had substantial probative value for the purposes of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 s.101(1)(e), the defendant's conviction was nevertheless safe.

CA (Crim Div) (Pitchford LJ, Andrew Smith J, Popplewell J) 21/12/2011
[2011] EWCA Crim 2935